How to Make Steps in Garden Walk

Having more than one level, whether natural or man-made, can add considerable interest to a garden, but either ramps or steps are necessary to move from one point to another. Where the slope is gradual, a ramp or sloping path may be sufficient, but for steeper slopes steps are necessary, a curved flight being best for unusually steep ascents.

Steps make an exciting and dramatic feature in the garden. Standing at the top of a flight the lower area spreads before you, but approaching from below, the upper area may be wrapped in mystery until the steps have been ascended. Steps that curve up and away through bushes, with the top out of sight, give a touch of enticing secrecy to the garden, and few can resist the impulse to climb them to find out where they lead and what lies beyond.

It is important that steps should fit in with the look of the garden, and informal steps should be much more fluid and less severe than formal ones. Formal flights of steps are a structural feature, part of the basic framework of the garden, while informal flights are more of a decorative accessory. Formal staircases can be straight and angular or almost sculptural in concept, with double flights curving around to meet the lower level, or diverging to finish some distance apart. Informal steps can produce a gentle curve or a sharp zigzag, and they are usually less exposed than formal steps, perhaps hidden away in a corner of the garden, winding up a gradual slope.

As well as being functional, steps can also act as important focal points, drawing the eye towards them in expectation. It is essential, therefore, that as well as being structurally sound, such steps should be attractive and well designed.

A wide range of materials can be used to construct steps. Apart from cost, the main consideration should be to use materials that blend in well with the paths and other structures within the garden. Another vital factor to consider is safety; in certain places, most notably moist and shady sites, non-slip surfaces should be used whenever possible. As long as safety is not impaired, it is perfectly acceptable to plant up the sides of steps, even occasionally on some of the treads, although make sure enough of the tread is showing to enable the climber to ascend easily and securely, with a sure, uncluttered foothold.